{"id":1104,"date":"2016-11-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-11-07T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vailhealth.org\/new-trends-in-acl-tears-and-how-to-prevent-one\/"},"modified":"2016-11-07T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2016-11-07T07:00:00","slug":"nuevas-tendencias-en-lagrimas-del-ligamento-cruzado-anterior-lca-y-como-prevenir-una","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vailhealth.org\/es\/news\/new-trends-in-acl-tears-and-how-to-prevent-one\/","title":{"rendered":"Nuevas Tendencias en Desgarros del LCA y C\u00f3mo Prevenir Uno"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En Estados Unidos se producen 200 000 lesiones del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) al a\u00f1o, lo que supone un costo de entre 1 500 y 3 000 millones de d\u00f3lares.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tres cuartas partes de todos los desgarros del LCA son lesiones sin contacto (piensa en esquiar) y generalmente ocurren durante la desaceleraci\u00f3n, al girar lateralmente o al aterrizar. La mayor\u00eda de las personas que se desgarran un LCA oir\u00e1n un chasquido, sentir\u00e1n que su rodilla \"falla\" y notar\u00e1n dolor e hinchaz\u00f3n inmediatos.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Las atletas tienen de tres a cuatro veces m\u00e1s probabilidades de desgarrarse el ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) que los atletas varones que compiten en niveles similares en el mismo deporte. Desde la aprobaci\u00f3n del T\u00edtulo IX en 1972, la participaci\u00f3n femenina en deportes de secundaria ha aumentado nueve veces, hasta 2.8 millones, mientras que la participaci\u00f3n masculina se ha mantenido estable en 3.8 millones. De hecho, hay una epidemia de atletas femeninas que se desgarran el LCA.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tambi\u00e9n he visto un aumento reciente de adolescentes j\u00f3venes (de 12 a 14 a\u00f1os) que se rompen el LCA, lo cual es preocupante. En estos pacientes j\u00f3venes, todav\u00eda recomiendo repararles el LCA. Los cirujanos ortop\u00e9dicos de rodilla sol\u00edan esperar con estos ni\u00f1os e intentar que modificaran sus actividades, pero como son ni\u00f1os no lo hacen, y luego regresan cuando terminan de crecer, a los 16-17 a\u00f1os, y sus rodillas est\u00e1n mucho peor, con lesiones de cart\u00edlago graves e incluso artritis.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 las mujeres tienen mayor riesgo?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hay varios factores en juego, pero son en su mayor\u00eda neuromusculares. Las mujeres tienden a aterrizar en una alineaci\u00f3n de rodillas valgas (genu valgo). Tambi\u00e9n aterrizan con su centro de gravedad posterior o detr\u00e1s de su rodilla (es decir, \"aterrizando en el asiento trasero\"), y estas posiciones ejercen mayores fuerzas sobre el LCA y pueden hacer que se desgarre. Los LCA de las mujeres tambi\u00e9n son generalmente m\u00e1s peque\u00f1os en di\u00e1metro que los de los hombres y sus tejidos son generalmente m\u00e1s laxos, y estos factores predisponen al desgarro del LCA. La muesca intercond\u00edlea de las mujeres al final del f\u00e9mur (similar a un valle por el que pasa el LCA) es m\u00e1s estrecha y puede pellizcar m\u00e1s f\u00e1cilmente el LCA en los deportes y predisponerlo a desgarrarse. Algunos expertos cuestionan si existen factores hormonales en juego, pero esto no est\u00e1 probado.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00bfC\u00f3mo entrenan las atletas profesionales para ayudar a evitar desgarros del ligamento cruzado anterior?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La mayor\u00eda de las atletas profesionales se esfuerzan mucho por mantenerse fuertes, pero lo que es m\u00e1s importante, previenen desequilibrios en su musculatura. Numerosos estudios compararon a atletas que realizaron entrenamiento neuromuscular con aquellas que no lo hicieron y demostraron tasas m\u00e1s bajas de desgarros del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) en las que participaron.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El fortalecimiento de los gl\u00fateos es fundamental, ya que estos m\u00fasculos evitan que las rodillas caigan en esa alineaci\u00f3n de \"genu valgo\" (rodillas juntas), lo que aumenta el estr\u00e9s en el LCA. El fortalecimiento del core (m\u00fasculos centrales) tambi\u00e9n es cr\u00edtico para que los atletas aterricen directamente sobre sus pies y no en la posici\u00f3n de \"asiento trasero\", lo que nuevamente ejerce presi\u00f3n sobre el LCA.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recomiendo entrenamiento pliom\u00e9trico de fortalecimiento y equilibrio en pretemporada y durante la temporada para reducir el riesgo de desgarros del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA). Incluso 15 minutos de entrenamiento neuromuscular realizados una vez por semana durante seis semanas han demostrado ser \u00fatiles.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dr. Rick Cunningham es un especialista en ortopedia en Vail Summit Orthopaedics. Se especializa en reconstrucci\u00f3n de LCA, lesiones deportivas de rodilla y hombro, y reemplazo parcial y total de rodilla. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n visite <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vsortho.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">www.vsortho.com<\/a> o <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vailknee.com\" target=\"_blank\">www.vailknee.com<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There are 200000 injuries to the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) per year in the United States representing a cost of $3 billion. Three-fourths of all ACL tears are non-contact injuries (think skiing) and typically occur during deceleration lateral pivoting or landing. Most people who tear an ACL will hear a pop feel their knee \u0093giving&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1104","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>New Trends in ACL Tears and How to Prevent One - Vail Health<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New Trends in ACL Tears and How to Prevent One - Vail Health\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There are 200000 injuries to the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) per year in the United States representing a cost of $3 billion. 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